Daily Quiz

Question 1:

It can be inferred that author’s primary purpose in writing this passage is to:

A. disprove a competing scientific theory about the formation of ocean crust.
B. overturn a popular assumption about the nature of volcanic eruptions.
C. examine various chemical properties of volcanic melt.
D. explain the relationship between volcanic activity and the formation of the ocean’s crust.

Question 2:

The passage indicates that the vast majority of volcanic eruptions can be characterized as:

A. destructive yet underestimated.
B. predictable yet forgotten.
C. preventable yet dismissed.
D. hidden yet important.

Question 3:

The passage indicates that an understanding of the movement of liquid through rock is important because:

A. knowledge of underground transport systems can help scientists understand aboveground liquid transport systems.
B. examining the rate at which water flows underground may help scientists to predict when major volcanic eruptions will occur.
C. studying volcanic “melt” helps to explain how the chemical composition of underground water changes as it rises to the surface.
D. liquids that flow through rocks underground contain higher levels of orthopyroxene than do liquids that flow on the earth’s surface.

Question 4:

The statement “as fast as fingernails grow” (lines 57-58) is used to point out:

A. the similarities in molecular structure between underground rocks and fingernails.
B. the contrast between the speed at which lava flows and the speed at which water flows.
C. the relationship between mammalian bodies and volcanic rocks.
D. the extremely slow rate at which liquid rock rises from the earth’s center.

Question 5:

Which of the following questions is not answered by the passage?

A. How large are pieces of melt when they begin to move toward the surface?
B. How often do underwater volcanoes erupt?
C. How does the chemical composition of melt change as it rises toward the surface?
D. What causes melt to form in the microscopic pores of mantle rocks?

Question 6:

The passage states that the development of a detailed theory of the ocean crust’s birth was made possible by:

I. mathematical models

II. studying portions of dry sea floor

III. submarine exploration

A. I only
B. II only
C. I and II only
D. II and III only

Question 7:

It is implied in the passage that most people think of volcanic eruptions as:

A. rare and of little danger to human beings.
B. exciting and dramatic occurrences.
C. a threat only to people who live in subtropical climates.
D. fictional events that occur only in movies.

Question 8:

According to the passage, the temperature of the mantle rises in direct proportion to:

A. its distance from the earth’s surface.
B. the amount of pressure it is subjected to.
C. the amount of water present.
D. the amount of iron ore present.

Question 9:

The passage states that the difference between upthrusted rocks on the Earth’s surface and rocks found within the Earth’s mantle is one of:

A. texture
B. color
C. density
D. chemical composition

Question 10:

The main purpose of the final paragraph is to:

A. answer a hypothesis made earlier in the passage.
B. describe the results of an experiment on the chemical properties of melt.
C. offer an alternative explanation for why melt rises to the surface.
D. explain the significance of researchers’ findings about the properties of olivine and orthopyroxene.

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