Daily Quiz

Question 1:

Based on the discussion of American trade in the first two paragraphs, which of the following statements best describes the colonies’ relationship with Great Britain?

A. They routinely broke British laws and were undeterred from doing so, even under threat of severe punishment.
B. They were obedient and docile since they feared that Britain would cease to trade with them if they rebelled.
C. They alternately complied with and ignored British laws depending on which was most beneficial for them.
D. They attempted to bully the British into revoking the mercantilist Navigation Acts since they were interfering with colonial trade.

Question 2:

According to the passage, Hugo Grotius was responsible for establishing all of the following EXCEPT:

A. preventing states from interfering in their neighbors’ disputes.
B. requiring states to solve arguments without resorting to warfare.
C. obligating states to obey international agreements.
D. ensuring that wars between states did not directly impact the daily lives of their citizens.

Question 3:

Which of the following statements best characterizes the role of bribes in diplomacy after the Peace of Westphalia?

A. they were considered crucial to conducting effective diplomacy but were not directly presented as such.
B. they were hinted at subtly since anyone found guilty of receiving a bribe would be harshly punished.
C. they were an accepted part of the European political culture and were neither condoned nor condemned.
D. they were an important, unique aspect of the relationship between Britain and its colonies.

Question 4:

It can be reasonably inferred from the passage that prior to the Peace of Westphalia, European warfare was characterized by:

A. extensive diplomatic intervention.
B. the use of highly trained, professional armies who fought for the monarch who best compensated them.
C. extreme violence toward civilians and frequent destruction of their property.
D. the use of heavy fortifications to prevent attacks rather than direct methods of combat.

Question 5:

Based on the passage, which of the following traits did François de Callières emphasize in his manual on negotiations:

A. bravery and daring.
B. simplicity and modesty.
C. honesty and forthrightness.
D. cunning and trickery.

Question 6:

The passage indicates that the Peace of Westphalia shifted the control of diplomacy and warfare:

A. from the church to the secular government.
B. from the church to military generals.
C. from the government to the reformed church.
D. from the government to the people.

Question 7:

In terms of the passage as a whole, one of the main functions of the sixth paragraph (lines 89-110) is to:

A. indicate some ways in which European warfare was impacted by technological development.
B. point out the limitations of an apparent achievement discussed earlier in the passage.
C. discuss the influence of François de Callière’s manual on the history of European diplomacy.
D. explain how the principles laid out by Hugo Grotius’ were applied to a specific situation.

Question 8:

According to the passage, after the Peace of Westphalia, armies were viewed as:

A. precious institutions that needed to be preserved to the furthest possible extent.
B. instruments of destruction and domination.
C. unnecessary since the Peace of Westphalia had put an end to disputes over national sovereignty.
D. responsible for the chaos imposed by the Thirty Years War and consequently kept under tight control by rulers.

Question 9:

It can be reasonably inferred that the author uses the phrase, “the toss of the fan or a nod of the head” (lines 87-88) to support the idea that:

A. women were considered silly creatures who had little to do with politics.
B. women often determined the outcome of political events.
C. offers of bribery were often signaled by hidden gestures.
D. European society would have been far more peaceful had women been ruling rather than men.

Question 10:

According to the passage, Frederick the Great believed that successful wars were characterized primarily by:

A. cost-efficiency.
B. valor in battle.
C. little civilian involvement
D. strong fortifications.

Reading 45

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